A melanoma is a dangerous skin cancer.  With early detection, it can be removed completely.  However, if detected late, the tumour could spread to other parts of the body.

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For pictures and more information, see Melanomanet in the website of the American Academy of Dermatology.

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What happens if your dermatologist suspects a melanoma?

 

If a melanoma is suspected, the tumour is cut out with a narrow margin.  The tissue is sent to the laboratory for analysis.  If the lab analysis confirms a melanoma, then, depending on its depth, a second incision is made with a wider margin.  This two-step removal prevents unnecessary removal of tissue in case the suspected tumour turns out not to be a melanoma.

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Mimickers of melanoma

 

Seborrhoeic keratosis

 

A Seborrhoeic keratosis may be pigmented and may superficially resemble a melanoma.  However, its dull, lustreless, warty surface, its stuck on appearance and its yellowish crusting differentiate it from a melanoma.  It can be easily removed by means of liquid nitrogen or electrocautery.

 

Pigmented basal cell carcinoma

 

A basal cell carcinoma is usually devoid of pigment. However, it may contain pigment in which case it may mimic a melanoma.

 

Dermoscopy

 

Sometimes a mole looks a little suspicious but not enough to remove it.  In these circumstances, your dermatologist may photograph the mole using a skin surface microscope.  The image can then be compared a few months down the line.  This type of examination is commonly referred to as mole mapping. Any change would necessitate removal of that mole.

 

To read about other non-cancerous growths, click here.